健康志愿者和职业运动员跟腱及其肌腱端的高频超声表现

High frequency ultrasonographic manifestations of Achilles tendon in healthy volunteers and professional athletes

目的比较健康志愿者和职业运动员跟腱及其肌腱端的超声影像学表现,初步探讨超声用于肌腱疾病检查的可行性.方法应用GE Logiq 700 MR Expert Series超声仪和5～10 MHz变频线阵探头,对52名健康志愿者和20名职业运动员的双侧跟腱进行超声检查.结果正常跟腱表现为边界清楚,由平行的高回声线构成的束状结构,止点骨面光滑连续.健康志愿组中男性跟腱比女性更宽,运动员组止点处平均灰度较健康志愿组更高.有2名健康志愿者(3.9%)和17名职业运动员(85.0%)出现超声异常(P<0.001),其中16名运动员(80.0%)出现了止点处滑囊炎(P<0.001).结论超声检查跟腱具有可信、无创、可方便获得等优越性,值得在临床中推广应用.运动员组出现比较高比例的止点处滑囊炎可能为机体的一种保护性变化.

Objecive To compare the ultrasonographic manifestations of Achilles tendons and their endneses of healthy volunteers with those of professional athletes. The feasibility of ultrasound in detecting Achilles tendon was discussd. Methods Sonography was performed using a GE Logiq 700 MR Expert Series ultrasound equipment and a 5--10 MHz multifrequency linear array transducer. Fifty two healthy volunteers and twenty professional athletes underwent sonography on Achilles tendon of both sides. Results The normal Achilles tendon＇s contour was regular and sharply defined, appearing as tightly packed structures with fine parallel internal linear echoes. The attaching bone surface was smooth and continuous. The male Achilles tendons were thicker than those of the female （P〈0.05）. The average grey scale of athletes on the insertion of Achilles tendon was higher than that of volunteers. Two volunteers （3. 85%） and seventeen athletes （85.0%） were found abnormalities during sonography examination （P〈0. 001 ）. Sixteen athletes （80.0% ） had bursal synovitis （ P〈0.001 ）. Conclusion Examination of Achilles with sonography is a reliable, noninvasive, easily available imaging technique. A higher frequency of bursal synovitis in athletes may be a change of human beings.