青葙子提取物降血糖活性的研究

Hypoglycemic effect of Celosia argentea firactions in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

目的研究青葙子提取物对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用。方法采用体积分数95%乙醇和水连续浸提青葙子获得醇提(A)和水提浸膏(B)。醇提浸膏用石油醚、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇连续萃取,获得不同部分。水提物采用3倍乙醇沉淀分为醇溶部分和粗多糖。尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶建立小鼠糖尿病模型,给予青葙子提取物灌胃,1 g·kg-1或800 mg·kg-1,连续3周, 测定血糖、血清中胰岛素含量及饮水量和耗食量,测定小鼠肝、肾、脾和胰腺重量指数。结果青葙子醇提物和水提物均有一定降血糖活性,其中醇提物的正丁醇部分(A-c)和水提物中粗多糖部分(B-b)具有显著降血糖活性,粗多糖部分具有明显促进胰岛素分泌作用,效果优于格列本脲(2 mg·kg-1)。A-c和B-b能使四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病小鼠肾脏和肝脏的肿胀恢复接近正常。结论青葙子提取物时四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hypoglyeemic effects of alcohol extract, water extract and their stthfractions from the seeds of Celosia argentea L. in alloxan-diabetic mice. METHODS The seeds were extracted with ethanol and water successively. The ethanol-extract （A） was partitioned with petholeum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to yield three fractions （A-a, A-b, A-c） and the water-extract （B） was precipitated with 3 times volume ethanol to divided into two parts （B-a, B-b）. The hypoglycemic effects were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice after oral adnfinistration of 1.0 g·kg^-1 or 800 mg·kg^-1 body weight for two or three weeks. The blood glucose, plasma insulin, the consumption of water and food, weight index of liver, kidney, spleen and pancreas were observed. RESULTS Both of A and B exhibited hypoglycemic effects. Among these fractions, A-c and B-b markedly reduced blood glucose level in diabetic mice compared with control group （ P 〈 0.05）, inhibited significantly the swelling of liver and kidney in diabetic mice induced by alloxan. B-b increased significantly plasma insulin levels in diabetic mice. A-a and B-b decreased the intake of water and food. The antidiabetic activities of A-c and B-b were stronger than that of 2 mg·kg^-1 glibenctamide. CONCLUSION The n-butanol fraction and crude polysaccharides of Celosia argentea L. possess significant hypoglycemic activities.