中国坡面水蚀预报模型研究

Prediction model of water erosion on hillslopes

基于我国坡面水蚀预报模型研究成果,考虑浅沟侵蚀对坡面侵蚀产沙的重要影响,建立了我国坡面水蚀预报模型,给出了模型参数降雨侵蚀力、坡度与坡长、浅沟侵蚀影响因子的算法和采用数值。指出今后应加强土壤可蚀性因子、覆盖—管理因子和水土保持措施因子的研究与集成。利用自然坡面径流小区实测资料对模型进行验证,表明模型具有较高的预报精度,在有浅沟和无浅沟的坡面上,预报精度达88%以上。

Based on the research progresses on water erosion prediction at hillslope scale and the great contribution of ephemeral gully erosion to hillslope erosion and sediment yield, the water erosion prediction model at hillslope scale was established. Calculating formulas for model parameters, such as rainfall erosivity, slope gradient and slope length, and shallow gully erosion factors were given. More study on soil erodibility, crop cover-management and conservation measure is needed. The validation showed the model had a good ability to simulate the water erosion in natural runoff plots and the predicting precision on hillslopes with and without ephemeral gully reached 88 % or so.