催眠药的研究进展

Research Development of Hyponotic

镇静催眠药的研究由苯二氮(艹卓)类(BDZ)向非苯二氮(艹卓)类发展,阐述了最新研制的几种非苯二氮(艹卓)类镇静催眠药的作用机制、药代动力学、不良反应、应用以及镇静催眠药的发展趋势。唑吡坦、佐匹克隆、扎来普隆、美乐托宁、Tiagabine和Eszopiclone都是非BDZ镇静催眠药,前三者都具有选择性作用于BZ1(ω1))受体,这几种药物的疗效都优于或类似于BDZ,不良反应比BDZ小。它们共有的特点为半衰期短、疗效好、副作用小。唑吡坦、佐匹克隆、扎来普隆和美乐托宁已投入市场,Tiagabine和Eszopiclone等正处在临床研究阶段。可以预料这些镇静催眠药将逐渐替代BDZ药物,成为新一代的镇静催眠药。

Many sedative-hyponotic were studied, developing from benzodiazepine sedative-hyponotic to non-benzodiazepine. A few non-benzodiazepine sedative-hyponotic had been introduced, including their functions, pharmacokinetics, safety, adhibition and their current. Zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon, melatonin, tiagabine and eszopiclone are all non-benzodiazepine sedative-hyponotic. The first three drugs act on the BZ1 （col） selectivitily. Their curative effect are preceded or as well as the benzodiazepine, the side effect is less than the benzodiazepine. The same characteristic is short half life, good effect, little side-effect. Zolpidem, zopiclone, zaleplon and melatonin have been for sale, Tiagabine and Eszopiclone are in clinic study. This kind of sedative-hyponotic will can anticipate in stead of benzodiazepine, becoming the new sort of sedative-hyponotic.