BALB／c小鼠多疫苗接种的安全性和有效性研究

Study on the safety and effectiveness of multiple vaccines to BALB/c mice

[目的]研究小鼠多疫苗联合接种的安全性和有效性。[方法]研究要求6种(炭疽、鼠疫、出血热、霍乱、痢疾、钩体疫苗)疫苗进行联合接种,根据6种疫苗的联合接种方式、疫苗接种间隔和接种的先后顺序,设计3种疫苗快速接种方案(2～3w完成接种)。对研究对象连续观测了119d,以体重、免疫反应、生化指标及自发活动等指标对疫苗联合接种的安全性和有效性进行评价。[结果]研究过程中实验动物在疫苗联合接种中副反应发生比较明显。在某些时间点体重、白细胞计数、淋巴细胞百分比、AST、ALT和肌酐有变化。6种疫苗联合接种后,小鼠能够对各疫苗产生免疫反应。但是,不同方案疫苗免疫反应不同。其中以出血热疫苗的免疫反应受方案的影响更加明显。[结论]出血热、霍乱、痢疾、钩体疫苗等疫苗在采用恰当的接种顺序和接种间隔的情况下可以联合使用,但是可能存在一定的风险,尤其在此基础上加入炭疽和鼠疫疫苗。

[Objective] Our aim is to study the safety and effectiveness of multiple vaccines when combine used to immunize BALB/c mice. [Methods] The study was designed to administrate six vaccines, which can be used in the emergency condition in human, simultaneously in a short period to mice （the whole immune plan will be completed in two or three weeks） considering each vaccine immune protocols. Three administration proposals which considered mainly on the order of each vaccine were tested according to the interval of each vaccine and the whole period of the multiple immunization. Three multiple vaccine administration groups and one control group were treated with different proposal but with the same dosage of multiple vaccines respectively. Body weight, immunological response, biochemical indices and spontaneous activity were monitored for 119 days. [Results] Although animals in all groups remained generally healthy and active without visible adverse signs throughout the study, there were still minor changes in body weight, WBC counts, lymphocyte percentage, AST, ALT and creatitine in sometime. Obvious immune reactions to each vaccine were observed with some changes in different schedule, and this is especially distinct to the vaccine against hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome （HFRS）. [Conclusion] The results suggest that these six vaccines may be used in some emergency condition with proper order and immune period, but there may remain some risks in the multiple vaccines administration especially these with plague and anthrax vaccine.