非个人化与作者之死——论西方文论中的主体性问题

Impersonality and Death of the Author

本文论述了西方文论中的创作主体性问题。欧洲诗学传统精神是对创作主体加以消解。到了19世纪浪漫主义文论高扬作家主体,作家的地位至高无上。济慈以“消极感受力”、艾略特以“非个人化”理论对浪漫主义进行反驳,成为新批评的先声。苏珊·朗格以形式主义符号学来调和个人感情和社会公共感情之间的矛盾。结构主义和后结构主义认为作者已“死”。

This paper describes the theme of creative subjectivity in the western literary criticism. Subjectivity had been cleared up in traditional spent of European poetics. When the romantic literary criticism praised the subjective during the 19th century, the writers＇status became the most lofty. Romanticism was counteracted deeply by Keats and Eliot,with ＂ negative capability ＂ and with ＂ impersonality ＂ theory respectively so that their doctrines became the first sign of The New Criticism. Susan. S. Lanser temped to solve the conflict between personal and public feelings in terms of formalism Semiology. Structuralism and post - structuralism advocated that the writer ws dead.