韩国“高丽·朝鲜”时期的华人汉语教师

Native Chinese Teachers in Korea Koryo and Chosen Dynasties

中国从汉代就开始实行对外汉语教育,韩国从中国五代时期开始实行汉语教学,虽然比中国晚,但延续到清末一直没有中断。有对外汉语教学,就有对外汉语教师。韩国“高丽·朝鲜”时期的汉语教学机构都由国家设立,高丽、朝鲜政府为了提供更好的汉语学习条件,千方百计聘请以汉语为母语的汉籍教师。本文从《高丽史》和《朝鲜王朝实录》中发掘有关华人汉语教师的史实并加以整理,希望能够给编写对外汉语教学史提供一些资料。

China started Chinese education to foreigners in Han Dynasty （206 B.C. -A. D. 220）, while Korea started it in Five Dynasties of China （907 -960） . Although Korea started Chinese education eight hundred years later than China, it had never stopped until the end of Qing Dynasty. Chinese teachers played a very important role in Chinese education. In Korea Koryo and Chosen Dynasties, all the Chinese education institutions were set up by the government. In order to provide a better condition for Chinese learners, the Koryo and Chosen governments employed native Chinese teachers by all means, based on The History of the Koryo Dynasty and The True Record of the Chosen Dynasty, this paper collects and organizes the historical facts of the native Chinese teachers in Korea. Hope this article can be a valuable reference to the compilation of the history of Chinese education to foreigners.