一种空间锥形六元麦克风阵列及其定位精度

Six-microphoned cone-shaped array and its locating accuracy analysis

为了满足声学预警系统全空域定位的需求,设计一种锥形六元麦克风阵列并分析其定位性能。定位算法和误差公式是由理论推导得出,并作出了误差变化关系图分析其定位精度。分析结果表明,锥形六元阵具备全空域定位能力,测角精度较高,并且消除了有效声速和阵形参数对角坐标估计精度的影响,但测距能力较差,要加大阵元间距和提高时延估计精度才能解决。

A six-microphoned cone-shaped array was designed for the request of localization in full airspace, and its performance analysis was of great significance. The algorithm of localization and error were theoretically deduced, and the error-variety figures were given to analyze the accuracy of localization. Analysis shows that the novel array can locate a sound omnidirectionaly with more accuracy of estimating angles, and get rid of the locating accuracy limit from the virtue sonic velocity and the array structural parameters. But its capacity of estimating distance is poor, which can be improved by increasing aperture of the array and advancing precision of estimating time delay.