内隐与外显自尊情境启动效应的研究

A Study on Priming Effect of Implicit Self- esteem and Explicit Self- esteem

目的:探讨内隐自尊与外显自尊的情景启动效应。方法:以大学生为被试,运用两套程序,通过对启动条件的操纵考察内隐和外显自尊对于情境变化的敏感性。结果:内隐自尊效应具有普遍性;内隐自尊与外显自尊之间存在低相关,而外显自尊量表之间存在强相关;内隐自尊既有一定的稳定性,也会由于情境的变化而产生波动,积极的情境线索会扩大内隐自尊效应,而消极的情境线索会降低内隐自尊效应,后者比前者产生更大的启动效应;外显自尊没有产生启动效应。结论:内隐自尊具有一定的稳定性,但也受特定情境的影响;外显自尊对具体情境不敏感。

Objective： To explore priming effect of implicit self-esteem and explicit self-esteem. Methods： Two procedures were used to study sensitivity of implicit self-esteem and explicit self-esteem in different situations by investigateing undergraduates on three priming conditions. Results： Implicit self-esteem exists in undergraduates across gender and priming condition, Scores of IAT are not significantly correlated with scores of explicit self-esteem scales, and there are strong correlation between explicit self-esteem scales. More important, results of experiment show that implicit self-esteem is relatively stable, but variable with current situation or mood. Positive priming condition enlarges implicit self-esteem effect through activating positive experience： negative priming condition diminishes this effect strongly, and has stronger priming effect than the positive condition; priming condition has little effect on explicit self-esteem. Conclusion： Implicit self-esteem is relatively stable, but variable with specific situation, and explicit self-esteem is relatively not sensitive to variation of situation.