不同类型精神分裂症患者智力测试结果分析

An Analysis of the WAIS-RC Results of Different Type Schizophrenic Patients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的智力特点及其影响因素。方法受试者共126例,其中研究组(精神分裂症组)85例;对照组(情感障碍组)20例,正常受试者21例。应用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定精神症状,并利用中国修订韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-RC)简式测量智商(IQ)。结果各精神分裂症组的IQ与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001、P<0.01或P<0.05);但Ⅰ型精神分裂症患者与Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者的IQ比较差异无统计学意义;发病年龄与IQ相关不显著;病程与操作智商(PIQ)的相关处于边缘显著水平(P=0.067),受教育年限与语言智商(VIQ)和总智商(FIQ)显著相关(P<0.001和P=0.002)。结论精神分裂症患者存在智力损伤,PIQ可能受到病程的影响,而发病年龄对患者的IQ没有明显影响,Ⅰ型精神分裂症患者与Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者的智力水平没有明显差异。

Objective To explore the intelligential feature and affecting factors of schizophrenic patients. Methods 85 schizophrentics were as research group. Control group included 20 affective disoreders and 21 normal subjects. PANSS and WAISRC were used to assess the patients＇ symptoms and intelligence. Results IQ of schizophrenic patients was significant difference with normal controls＇ （ P 〈 0. 001, P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference between the type Ⅰ schizophrenia and the type Ⅱ schizophrenia in IQ. The IQ of schizophrenic patients was not related to their pathogenic age. Duration of illness of schizophrenia was marginal significant with Performance IQ（ P = 0. 067）. Educational level affected verbal IQ and full IQ of schizophrenia significantly（P〈 0. 001 and P = 0. 002）. Conclusion Schizophrenic patients have intelligence impairment, the paitients PIQ can be affected by their duration of illness, but the impairment is not affected by the pathogenic age. There is no significant difference between the type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ schizophrenia to IQ level.