中国城镇人口失业与性别的收入差异

Unemployment and the Earning Differentials by Gender

在以往的数十年间,与世界上其它国家相比,中国城镇就业人口的性别差异并不是很大,但20世纪90年代以来的大规模失业有可能打破这一局面。利用oaxaca分解方法和2003年的《城镇居民再就业状况调查》数据对再就业者的性别工资差异进行了定量分析,发现再就业者在失业前就存在着性别的工资差异,而失业经历使得这一差异更加显著。这一结论的政策含义是中国政府应该实施更有利于女性的再就业政策。

The earning differentials in China used to be not very large comparing to other countries in the world. However, such situation might have been broken by large scale unemployment population since 1990s. This paper analyses the earning differentials by gender quantificationally, using the oaxaca decomposition approach and the Urban Reemployed Residents Survey Data conducted in 2003. We find that there existed earning differentials by gender before they were unemployed. And the experience of unemployment did largen the gap. The results mean that the government should take some labor market policies favoring females.