南非种族政策取向的重大调整——评沃斯特政府的统治及其政策调整

On Vorster’s Adjustments on Race Policy in South Africa

南非的沃斯特政府在当时的国内外历史背景之下,为应付来自外部和内部的压力、维护白人统治和推进现代化进程,在坚持种族主义统治的前提下,以较为切合实际和讲求灵活性的方式,对南非种族政策的取向作出重大调整,对内着手逐渐放松“次种族隔离”的某些方面;对外则奉行“向外看政策”,其意义不仅旨在暂时缓和种族矛盾和改变南非的孤立地位,而且更重要的是为南非现代化进程中的中心环节———南非民主改革开了先河,作了有意义的尝试,积累了经验和教训,可以说是南非民主改革的组成部分之一。

Under the internal and external pressures on apartheid in South Africa,Prime Minister Balthazar J. Vorster approached the issue with more practical and flexible manner while maintaining the White racist rule.He undertook the key adjustments on his government＇s race policy, demonstrating in the “out-looking policy” in diplomatic field and the relaxation of “petty apartheid” in domestic field.The adjustments not only temporarily alleviated the racial contradictions and led the country out of isolation to some extent,but also played the critical role in starting the process of democratic reform in South Africa, which formed an integrated part of the process.