大鼠听神经瘤慢性压力模型的建立

The establishment of chronic and pressure-induced rat model for acoustic neurinomas

目的建立SD大鼠听神经瘤慢性压力模型,为听神经瘤所致的面、听神经电生理功能及病理学改变的研究奠定基础。方法分别测量人与SD大鼠后床突中点-岩骨基底的距离。根据二者之比,设立大鼠听神经瘤压力模型的分级梯度。用1.8F介入用微导管自制成球囊导管,模仿人枕下乙状窦后入路,显微镜下将球囊置入右侧小脑脑桥角区(CPA),缓慢注液至设定液量后结扎导管尾端,背部皮下潜行埋藏,建立载瘤1周模型。结果除大肿瘤组模型鼠1例死于脑干危象,另1例术后第5天死于颅内感染外,余各组模型大鼠1周时BAEP电生理和MRI影像学检查均证实建模成功。结论建立了SD大鼠听神经瘤的慢性压力模型,为进一步研究听神经瘤压迫对面、听神经及其周围结构的长期影响奠定了基础。

Objective To establish chronic and pressure-induced model of acoustic neurinomas （ANs） for the purpose of further ANs-related experimental research on electrophysiology, function and pathomorphology of facial nerve and cochlear nerve. Methods Based on our measurement to the distances between mid-posterior clinoid process and the bottom of petrous bone in human beings and SD rats respectively, we validated the diameters of ANs in rats by the hierarchical naming-system similar to the ones in human ANs. Under microscope, the self-made sacculus-catheter, which was made of 1.8F microcatheter used in human endovascular intervention, was inserted into right CPA of rats via the suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. Then the sac was infused to the setting extent at the speed of 1 μl/min and the end of the catheter was ligated and put through 2 cm long subcutaneous charmel in back. By above three steps, we finished the main procedures of establishing the rat＇s pressure-induced ANs models and then fed them for 1 week. Results One week after operation, BAEP and MRI scan in the model rats showed that the models were successful except two rats in large tumor group died; one died of acute brainstem crisis and the other died of intracranial infection 5 days after operation. Conclusion The chronic and pressure-induced ANTs models have been successfully established in SD rats which will be beneficial to the further researche.