国家课程、地方课程和校本课程的含义、目的及地位

National Curriculum, Local Curriculum and School-based Curriculum: meanings, aim and Positions

国家课程有以下目的:确保学生学习的权利,明确学生在接受学校教育时应达到的标准,提高学生接受学校教育的连续性和连贯性,为公众了解学校教育提供依据。地方课程有以下目的:促进国家课程的有效实施,弥补国家课程的空缺,加强教育和地方的联系,调动地方参与课程改革与课程实施的积极性。校本课程有以下目的:确保国家课程的有效实施,照顾学生的个别差异,促进教师专业能力的持续发展。当前,我国的基础教育应以国家课程为主,地方课程和校本课程为辅。

The national curriculum is aimed at guaranteeing students＂ right to education, clarify the standard student must reach in receiving school education, improve the continuity and consistency of school education and provide basis for the public to understand school education. As to local curriculum, it is developed to promote the effective implementation of the national curriculum, remedy the shortcomings of national curriculum, strengthen the links between school education and local sectors and arouse local sectors＇ enthusiasm for participation in the curriculum reform and implementation. School-based curriculum plays the following functions： to ensure the effective implementation of the national curriculum, meet students＇ diversified needs, and promote the sustainable improvement of teachers＂ professional capacity, At present, China follows the practice of taking the national curriculum as the dominant supplemented by the local curriculum and school-based curriculum.