艺术教育与儿童创造力的发展

Art Education and Development of Child's Creativity

创造力是在看似无关的事物中发现相似或同一的能力,是超越于实用目的之上的自由的精神活动。审美活动与创造性活动在本质上存在着高度的相关性和一致性,这种相关性和一致性在儿童身上得到了天然的结合。通过艺术教育培养儿童的创造力时应注意以下几个问题:保护和尊重儿童的“原发过程”思维,丰富儿童的感性经验,通过舞蹈、手工等艺术教育活动提高儿童的动作能力。艺术教育中阻碍儿童创造力发展的因素包括:急功近利的教育观、教师中心主义和灌输意识、拔苗助长的教育方法。

Creativity is a kind of capacity for discovering similarity or identity from among those things which seem to have no relevancy and is a kind of free mental activity surpassing practical purpose. In essence, the aesthetic appreciation and creative activities are highly relevant to and consistent with each other, which are naturally integrated on children. Both the sensitive receptivity and the capacity of aesthetic appreciation obtained from aesthetic activities can help children build up their creative ability in other fields. In this sense, art education as a kind of aesthetic education must start with the cultivation of children＇s capacities of perception, emotion and imagination for developing their creativity.