处所动词、处所介词和未完成体标记——体标记“在”和“着”语法化的类型学研究

From Locative Verbs to Locative Prepositions and Non-perfective Markers--A typological perspective on the gram-maticalization of Zai and Zhe

连动语言中比较普遍地存在着从处所动词到处所介词再到未完成体标记的现象。汉语“在”、“着”的虚化过程也同样符合这条规律。但二者虚化机制不同,前者是连动式V1位置上,由于“在L+VP”的中性指示代词L脱落形成的;后者是在连动式V2位置上,由于“V著L”的“著”前附于主要动词表达其动作结果状态形成的。

It is quite common phenomenon that in SVC languages a locative verb, especially a verb meaning 'be at', can be used as a locative preposition, which can be further grammaticalized as an aspect marker. One case in modern Chinese is Zhe, which takes a different way in grammaticalization from Zai, another non-perfective aspect marker in Chinese. The article discusses that Zhe was grammticalized in V Zhe L, while Zai is grammticalized in Zai L+VP, a primary factor, if not all, for differences in use of Zai and Zhe in modern Chinese