新乡市污灌农田中重金属的污染状况调查

Investigation of the Heavy Metal Situation in Suburban Farmland Irrigated by Battery Waste Water at Xinxiang

为了研究新乡市污灌农田受重金属的污染情况,本文调查了污灌土壤中多种重金属的含量.土壤中重金属总量试验结果表明:污灌土壤中的锌、铜、铅含量在国家标准以内,镍、镉含量超标,土壤已明显受到重金属镍、镉的污染.连续提取法对超标重金属镍、镉形态分级实验表明:镍主要以铁锰氧化态、有机态和残渣态为主,在不同的采样点,三者占总含量的71%～81%.镉主要以碳酸盐结合态、可交换态、铁锰氧化物结合态为主,三者占总含量的94%以上.镉的存在形态易于被植物吸收,因此危害更大.

In order to study the heavy metal pollution situation in farmland irrigated by wastewater in Xinxiang, this paper investigated the contents of many heavy metal. The soil extraction experiments showed that the concentrations of Zn,Cu,Pb were lower than the national standard, and the contents of Ni,Cd were over the standard. The irrigated soil was obviously polluted by the heavy metal Ni and Cd. The amounts of Ni and Cd in the soil were 209-400 mg/kg and 14-60 mg/kg respectively. Sequential extraction procedure tests were applied to determinate the heavy metal fractions in the soil. The results indicated that most of Ni were bound to Fe-Mn oxides and organic matter fractions, and majority of Cd were associated with carbonates, exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxides fractions. The forms of Cd were easily absorbed by plants, therefore Cd was more harmful.