关于黄山谷学杜的历史争议及重新认识

Reflections on arguments about Huang Shan-gu Learning from Du Fu

杜诗作为中国诗歌史上的最高典范确立于宋代。而在这一典范的确立过程中,黄山谷学杜和江西诗派以杜甫为祖无疑起了巨大作用。但是,在黄山谷学杜是否得其精髓这一问题上,历代学者争议颇多,至今未有定论。文章在详细考察历代学者有关论点的基础上指出,面对唐诗这样一个难以逾越的高峰,宋人必须对诗歌创作的题材、写作方式等进行变革,这才符合中国诗歌发展递嬗的规律。从这一角度出发,应该对黄山谷学杜的功绩予以确认。在一定意义上而言,黄庭坚是诗歌史上学杜得其精髓的重要诗人之一。

It was in the Song Dynasty that DU Fu＇s poems were recognized as the most successful in China＇s history of poetry. In the process, the facts that Huangshangu Society had been learning from Du Fu and Jiangxi Poetry School had regarded Du Fu as its forefather played a significant role. However, scholars have been arguing on whether Huangshangu Society had realized and attained the essence of Du Fu＇s Poems. Based on a careful review of the relevant scholars＇ points of view over history, this paper argues that, challenged by the outstanding achievements of Tang poems, poets of the Song Dynasty had to make breakthroughs in topic and writing styles, so as to refleet the developmental pattern of Chinese poetry. From this perspective, the conclusion can be drawn that Huangshangu Society＇s achievements should be recognized and that in a sense Huang Tingjian is one of the important poets in Chinese history who attained the quintessence of Du Fu＇s poems.