160例儿童弱视治疗效果分析

Analysis of the treatment of amblyopia in 160 children

目的:探讨儿童弱视治疗效果及其相关因素.方法:按照全国统一弱视诊断标准,收集160例(180眼)儿童弱视患者,治疗前进行散瞳检影、矫正视力、弱视类型和程度、注视性质检查,采用准确验光配戴矫正眼镜法和光学药物压抑疗法(远、近距离压抑和微量压抑)联合遮盖疗法,同时用弱视治疗仪进行综合治疗.随访时间1～5年,平均2.3年.结果:治愈162眼(90%),进步18眼(10%).不同年龄患者疗效比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05);中心注视患者的疗效明显优于旁中心注视患者(P＜0.01);不同弱视程度患者的疗效差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01);屈光不正性和屈光参差性弱视患者的疗效明显优于斜视性和形觉剥夺性弱视患者(P＜0.01).结论:儿童弱视,早期发现,早期干预均可获得满意疗效.

Objective To study the treatment of amblyopia and related factors. Methods One hundred and sixty cases （180 eyes） were diagnosed amblyopia according to the national criteria of amblyopia. Eye examination including retinoscopy, best correct visual acuity, degree and patterns of amblyopia, and nature of fixation were performed before amblyopic treatment. Patients were treated with correct spectacle, optical and drug penalization （including far and near penalization, as well as light penalization）, combined with occlusion and assisted with red light pleoption. All patients were followed up from 1 to 5 years, with an average of 2.3 years. Results One hundred and sixty-two eyes （90%） were cured and 18 eyes（10%） were improved. The ages did not influence the results of treatment significantly （P〉0. 05）. Outcome of foveal fixation and parafoveal fixation was much better than that of paramacular fixation and peripheral fixation （P〈0.01）. The curative efficiency of amblyopia also depended on the degree of amblyopia （P〈0. 01）. Curative effects of ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia were better than that of strabismic and deprivable amblyopia （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Early treatment of amblyopia can achieve a good result.