传统工匠及其现代转型界说

Conventional Craftsman and the Definition of Its Modern Transformation

中国历史上作为传统工业技术主体的工匠,可分为上(“巧匠”、“哲匠”等科技专家)、中(专业技术化与职业化的“匠人”与“匠师”)、下(“百工”、“工人”等熟练工人)三个技术层次;其现代转型包括技术转型与角色转换两方面内容,既是传统工匠向现代技术工人、科技专家转型中科技主体的身份地位转化和职业角色转换的双轨式发展过程,又是现代区域发展中人力资源开发的本质过程,还是传统农业社会向工业化与现代化社会转型的核心标志。

In Chinese economic history researches, there are many fruits on industrial history while comparatively less on conventional craftsman. Particularly, the basic definitions of craftsman and conventional craftsman are simplified and fuzzified, lacking specified discussions. This paper makes an attempt to define such concepts and categories as craftsman, conventional craftsman and its modern transformation.