自组网中一种基于跨层负载感知的按需负载均衡路由

A Novel Cross-layer Load-aware Based Load-balanced On-demand Routing for Ad-hoc Networks(CLLOR)

本文提出了一种新的基于跨层负载感知的自组网负载均衡路由协议(CLLOR)。CLLOR在路由发现阶段和路由维护阶段将整个路径中各节点MAC层的总平均估计时延和路径总业务流负载结合起来共同作为路由选择和路由调整的重要依据,以实现网络业务流的均衡分布和均衡传输。协议通过禁止中间节点对路由请求进行应答和阻止不必要的路由请求分组经由重负载的中间节点转发,以保证路由发现时能够利用最新的负载信息,并避免了节点在重负载情况下成为新建路由的中间节点,使得协议具有一定的拥塞控制功能,以间接的方式实现了请求接纳控制。通过上述措施,可以很好地避免网络中出现拥塞节点,减少了网络瓶颈对网络性能的影响。仿真表明,CLLOR在分组丢失率、平均端到端时延和路由附加开销等方面具有良好的性能,其优良的分布式控制特征能适应自组网的动态环境。

This paper presents a novel dynamic load-aware based load-balanced On-demand routing （CLLOR） algorithm for ad hoc networks. In oMer to balanced distribute the traffic loads in network, CLLOR combines the total path average estimated delay with the total path traffic loads as the primary metric for route selection and route adjustment during the route discovery and route maintenance periods. At the same time, protocol makes use of the updated load information during the route discovery period by forbidding the intermediate nodes to reply the route request packets and allow the heavy load nodes to be the intermediate nodes of new routes by preventing the heavy load nodes from forwarding the route request packets, which can endue the protocol with capability of congestion control and admission control. With the above properties, the protocol presented in the article can bring down the congested nodes and bottlenecks in the networks, and improve the network performance. By presenting and analyzing simulation results, the CLLOR is shown to result in good performance of packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay and routing overhead, while exhibiting many attractive features of distributed control to adapt to the dynamic ad hoc networks.