南海3种可食绿藻化学成分及其营养评价

Chemical Constituents Analysis of Three Edible Chloraphytas in South China Sea and Their Nutrition Evaluation

对南海3种可食绿藻条浒苔(Enteromorpha clathrata)、石莼(Ulva lactuca L.)和总状蕨藻(Caulerpa racemosa)的主要化学成分进行了分析,结果显示:多糖、蛋白质和粗纤维是构成藻体的主要化学成分,占藻体的92%以上,其中膳食纤维占64.22%～70.80%;蛋白质占14.15%～18.91%,平均为16.16%,且蛋白质中必需氨基酸含量高,占总氨基酸的42.37%～48.37%,氨基酸评分在73分以上,第一限制氨基酸随藻种而变化;脂肪含量在0.51%～0.81%之间,均低于1%,多不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸含量高,其含量分别为其总量的56.10%～63.20%和37.71%～39.39%;矿物质和维生素含量丰富,尤其是Fe、Zn、I等矿质元素和维生素C含量高.3种可食绿藻是高膳食纤维,高蛋白,低脂肪,低热能,且富含矿物质和维生素的天然理想保健食品原料.

Main chemical constituents of three kinds of edible chloraphytas from South China Sea were analyzed. Results showed that polysaccharides, crude protein and fiber were their chief constituents, which was above 92% of the marine algae dry weight. The dietary fiber reached 64.22% -70.80% ,and protein was about 14.15% - 18.91%, with average of 16.16%, and EAA content , of 42.37% -48. 37% of the total AA, was high, amino acid score being over 73, but the first limited amino acid varied from different chloraphytas. Crude fat was 0.51% -0.81% with high polyunsaturated fatty acid and essential fatty acid, which were 56.10% - 63.20% and 37.71% - 39.39% of the total FA, respectively. The content of minerals and vitamins were very rich, especially Fe,Zn,I and vitamin C. So three kinds of edible chloraphytas might be good healthy food materials, which can provide high dietary fiber, high protein, low fat and calorie, rich minerals and vitamins.