新疆鹅喉羚的种群结构

THE POPULATION STRUCTURE OF GOITRED GAZELLE IN XINJIANG

１９９２年８～９月和１９９３年９月，作者在新疆北部鹅喉羚北疆亚种（ＧａｚｅｌｌａｓｕｂｇｕｔｔｒｏｓａＳａｉｒｅｎｓｉｓ）分布区（天山以北）设置１９条样带，总长８１８ｋｍ，观测点至动物的平均垂直距离２４８．３ｍ，面积４０５．８ｋｍ２的调查统计，见鹅喉羚６２群次，共２２１只。样带中动物的平均密度为０．７１±０．１７只／ｋｍ２。对能判别性别和成幼的１６条样带中的３７群次１１３只统计，雌：雄＝１：１．０５，成：幼＝２．４：１。对８条样带中的１６群次５０只统计，母：仔＝１：１．４。１９９３年２月和１０月，我们还在新疆南部鹅喉羚南疆亚种（Ｇ．ｓ．ｙａｒｋａｎｄｅｎｓｉｓ）分布区（天山以南），设置８条样带，长２３０ｋｍ，平均垂直距离２９９ｍ，面积１１６ｋｍ２的调查统计，见鹅喉羚１７群次５１只，平均密度０．５７±０．２６只／ｋｍ２。

We conducted a survey on 19 sample route of 818 km long, the mean vertical distance from the watching spot to animals was 248. 3 m, the total area of the sample route was 405. 8 km2, and observed 62 groups Gazelle containing 221 individuals in the distribution (north to Tianshan Mt. ) of Gazella subgutturosa sairensis of north Xinjiang from August to September in 1992 and September in 1998. The mean density of the sample route was 0. 71 ±0. 17 Individuals/km2, the maximum density was 1. 85 Individuals/km2 and 0. 14 Individuals/km2. The region of high density was proved to lie in the southern edge of Zhungaer basin. For the statistics on 16 sample route of 37 groups which can be classified to different age and sex, 113 Individuals were observed, among them there were 39 females, 41 males and 33 juveniles. Group size ranged from 1(male group) to 12 (mixed group) Individuals; the mother-fawn groups were 16 with the mean 3.1 Individuals/group; male groups were 12 with the mean 2 Individuals/group; female groups were 3 with the mean 2.3 Individuals/group; mixed groups were 6 with the mean 5.3Individuals/group. The sex ratio of female to male was 1: 1. 05, adult to fawn was 2. 4: 1. According to the statistics of & sample route of 16 mother-fawn groups, there were 21 females and 29 juveniles, and the ratio of female to juvenile was 1: 1. 4.In the survey of . 8 saple route of 230 km long, the mean vertical distance was 299 m, the area was 116 km2, in the distribution (south to Tianshan Mt. ) of G. s. yarkandensis of south Xinjiang in Febuary and October 1993, we observed 17sroups Gazelles containing 51 individuals. The population density ranged from 0.1 Individuals/km2 to 1. 67 Individuals /km2 with the mean density of 0. 57±0.26 Individuals/km2. The sample route of high density lied in the northern edge of Talimu Basin.