古典文学作品中的科举影像

Reflection of Imperial Examination in Classical Literature Works

科举制度特有的内涵规范和涵养了中国文人的思维模式和人文性格,即便终生徘徊在科举边缘的读书人亦不例外。他们怀着极度失落愤慨及向往的复杂心情,利用他们手中为“及第”而积聚的知识和屡次“不第”的辛酸,创造了大量的文学作品,为世人展示了科举制度下文人的众生像,“儒生不幸文坛幸”,繁荣和拓展了文学的领地。从某种意义上讲,这些文学作品的作者——被科举所遗弃的文人,通过鞭挞科举而成为科举制度虔诚的守护者。

The particular connotation of imperial examination system regulated and fostered Chinese intellectuals＇ humanist characteristics and their way of thinking. Even those who never made any achievement in the imperial examination were no exception. Tortured by a complex feeling of disappointment and indignation and yearning for the achievement, they produced piles of literature works with their knowledge gathered to pass the imperial examination and scaldingteass caused by the failure, which show us the different images of the intellectuals in the system of imperial examination. The misery of those intellectuals, however, brought great fortune to the literary world and thus prospered and extended the field of literature. To some extent, the authors of those literature works, who were depressed by the imperial examination, had been the guardians of the imperial system by castigating the imperial examination.