三峡库区奉节县移民安置区土地资源及其开发利用

Development and utilization of the land resources of Fengjie County in the reservoir zone of the Three Gorges

三峡大坝建成后，奉节县将淹没土地３２６０ｈｍ２，涉及农业人口３．６５万人。奉节县境中部定为该县移民安置区。安置区土地面积４．６４６万ｈｍ２．其中耕地面积１．５４万ｈｍ２，园地面积０．３４万ｈｍ２，主要的成土母质共５类７３个土种，质地以壤土为主，养分含量中等，土壤呈酸性至弱碱性。现有宜农荒山８００ｈｍ２，宜园荒山４６７ｈｍ２，宜竹荒山０．４２万ｈｍ２，低产田土０．８４万ｈｍ２。开发利用的措施是：挖掘后备土地资源潜力，综合利用土地；加强农田基本建设和水土保持工作，以坡改梯为中心，改田治土，培肥地力；调整布局，稳定粮食产量，发展以柑桔为主的经济林和以蔬菜、油料为主的经济作物。

Once the great dam of the Three Gorge;is built,the inundated land will cover area of 3260hm’,with agricultural population of 36500 in Fengjie County;According to the emigrant principle for usettledown near the inundated area and moving backward on the spot”,the central part of Fengjie County wasdetermined as settle-down area. The investigation results show that the land in the settle-down area coverarea of 46400hm2.With area under cultivation of l5400hm2. and garden area of 3400hm2.Chief soil-formingmother materials are divided into five groups with 73 soil species,SoiI texture is mostly loam, SoiI nutrientcontent is generally medium. Soil pH range is from acidity to weak alkaline. At present,there are 800hm2.waste land suitable for farming, 467hm2.for garden,4200hm2.for forestation and 8400hm’.low yieldfarmland.The measures for development and utilization of the land resources in the resettlement area are(l)to top the latent power of land resources and to utilize land comprehensively,(2)to strengthen the work offarmland capital construction and soil and water conservation and to lmprove land capability and soil fertilitythrough changing slope land into terrace land,(3) to edjl1st crop patterns, stabilize grain yield and expandeconomic forest such as citrus etc. and cash crops such as vegetables and oil crops etc.