中华蟾蜍蝌蚪对高渗溶液的耐受性

High Osmotic Endurance of Tadpole of Common Giant Toad

为了解中华蟾蜍蝌蚪对高渗溶液的耐受性,采用常规静态实验,用蔗糖调节溶液渗透压对蟾蜍蝌蚪进行渗透耐受实验;采用方差分析统计溶液渗透压对蟾蜍蝌蚪的存活率、体积变化和活动性的影响。结果显示,蟾蜍蝌蚪能够忍受溶液渗透压在一定范围内的变化,对渗透压较低的溶液其适应对策为调节,而对渗透压较高的溶液则为协变。蝌蚪对水溶液的耐受渗透压为1485.24mOsm,其存活率随渗透压增高而降低;同一渗透压下,蝌蚪存活率随在溶液中暴露时间的延长而降低。蟾蜍蝌蚪体内水分在不同浓度溶液中丧失的程度存在显著差异,即使在同一浓度的溶液中,体积会随时间的增加而不断缩小,并且溶液浓度越高,体积减小的速率越大。身体失水对蝌蚪的行为性会产生一定的影响,蝌蚪的活泼性随时间的延长而降低。

The high osmotic endurance of tadpole of the common giant toad was studied with static experiment. Saccharobiose was used to maintain the osmotic concentration of the solution, The effect of osmotic pressure on livability, body volume and activity of the tadpoles were analyzed with ANOVA. The experimental results indicated that the tadpoles could endure certain changes of osmotic concentration of the solution. They are an osmoregulators in the low osmotic solution and osmoconformers in the high osmotic solution. The highest osmotic concentration of the surrounding solution that the tadpole could endure was 1485.24mOsm, the livability decreased with increased of the concentration of solution, and with increased of the time the tadpole stayed in the solution. The body volume of the tadpoles decreased with increase of the concentration of solution and time they stayed in. Water loss in body could seriously influenced the activity, and the activity decrcased with the increase of time.