试论医院PCR实验室质量控制的若干问题

Quality Control of Laboratory on Polymerase Chain Reaction in Hospital

目的聚合酶链反应技术(PCR),自20世纪80年代中期以来已引起医学界的极大兴趣,经过许多学者多年的努力,将极微量的DNA片段特异地扩增至几十万倍,大大提高了对DNA分子样品的检测能力,其特异性好,灵敏度高,可靠性强,现已被广泛用于分子生物学及临床医学等领域。本文介绍了PCR技术的基本原理、特点及在临床医学检验工作中的应用情况与质量控制对策。

Objective Polymerase chain reaction, hereinafter called PCR, has been arousing great interest among the medical world since the middle of 1980s. Through years of efforts made by various scholars, PCR can now increase minor amount of DNA fragment extraordinarily to hundreds of thousands of times, greatly improved the inspection capability of DNA molecular samples with good performance, high sensitivity and reliability, and it has been widely applied in the fields of clinical medical examinations and clinical medicine. This paper describes the basic PCR principle, its characteristics, application in clinical medical examinations and quality control measures.