三峡工程与长江中游湿地保护

Three Gorges Project and Middle Reach Wetland Protection of Yangtze River

三峡工程规模宏大,举世瞩目,具有巨大的防洪、发电、航运等综合效益,是开发治理长江的骨干工程.湿地是“地球之肾”,是地球上重要的生命支持系统之一;是陆地天然蓄水库,在抵御洪水、削减径流、蓄洪防旱、降减污染、调节气候诸多方面有着其它生态系统不可替代的作用.长江流域湿地主要集中在中游平原湖区,三峡建库后可调蓄长江上游洪水,调控中游下泄流量及水文情势,有利于中游平原湖区防汛抗旱、防涝排渍工作,促进湿地保护,防止土壤潜育化与沼泽化.三峡工程已于1993年开工,2003年6月水库蓄水,船闸通航,7月第一批机组发电;目前已进入三期工程施工,2009年全部工程竣工投产.三峡工程建设将促进我国能源和经济建设,有利于长江中游湿地保护,是对长江流域最大的生态与环境保护.

The Three Gorges Project （TGP） on the Yangtze River is the largest water project in the world. It is now attracting the world wide attention. It possesses comprehensive utilization benefits mainly for flood control,power generation and navigation improvement. TGP will be a vital important and backbone project in harnessing and developing of the Yangtze River. The wetland is “The kidney of the earth”. It is one of the important life support system. Wetland is the natural reservoir of the land; it possesses the special function in withstanding floods, lightening runoff, storage, anti-drought, reducing pollution and regulating climate, it could not be substituted by other ecological systems. The wetland of the Yangtze River mainly concentrated in the plain lake region on middle reaches, the hydrologic circumstances of the middle reaches will be changed after the completion of TGP reservoir. We should do our best for overall planning with due consideration for all concerned,carry out the flood control,anti-drought and drainage, protecting the wetland,preventing underground corrosion and swampiness. TGP has been commenced in 1993, the reservoir has been filled and shiplock operated in June,the first group of turbo-generators has been put into commission in July 2003,the whole project will be completed in 2009. TGP construction will give full play to its benefits and take effective mitigation measures to its negative impacts. TGP is an ecologic and environmental engineering, it would promote China＇s West development and the sustainable development of the Yangtze River,make great contribution to China＇s energy resources and economic construction. It is also the great ecologic and environmental protection to the Yangtze River basin.