鲍破腹病的防治技术研究

Prevention and Cure of The Outer Velum Breaking Disease of Abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

破腹病是鲍养殖生产中的常见病,每年的3～6月和8～10月为其高发期,外套膜破裂是其最主要症状,病鲍的死亡率可达50～90%.通过研究确认了副溶血弧菌(Vibrioparahaemo-lyticus)为鲍破腹病的致病菌.该菌对鲍具有较强的致病性,注射、创伤、浸泡等多种感染方式皆可引起鲍出现破腹和死亡现象,其对21种常用抗菌药物的敏感性都不太强,中度敏感药物只有庆大霉素、妥布霉素、卡那霉素、新霉素、红霉素、复方新诺明等.通过药敏性、经济性、便捷性比较,确定复方新诺明为鲍养殖生产中破腹病的主要防治药物,有效率达80%以上.

The outer velum breaking disease as called customarily by the farmers is a common illness in abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta culture. It mainly occurs during the season from Mar. to Jun. and from Aug. to Oct. each year. The outer velum breaking of abalone is the primary symptoms and its mortality rate is as high as 50 - 60%. The studies have identified that the Vibrio parahaemo-lyticus is the pathogen of this disease and abalone is easily infected. Many contagious ways such as an injection, a wound on the skin or a marination etc can cause abalone＇s outer velum breaking and die. Vibrio parahaemo-lyticus shows no sensibility to 21 anti -bacterial drugs in common use but moderate sensibility to Gentamycinum （庆大霉素） , Tobramyin （ 妥布霉素 ）, kanamycin, neomycin, Erythromycinum （ 红霉素 ）, Sulfamethoxazolum compound （ SMZCO 复方新诺明 ） etc. After comparing the sensibility, economy and convenience, we considered that SMZ Compound among the anti - bacterial drugs was the most effective cure for the outer velum breaking disease in abalone culture industry. The curability is more than 80%.