上海市虹口区一、二级医院护理人员职业伤害调查

Investigation into Occupational Injuries of Nursing Staff in the Hospitals of Primary Grade and Second Grade in Hongkou District, Shanghai

[目的]了解虹口区一、二级医院护理人员的主要职业伤害和防护现状,为建立医务人员职业伤害防护体系提供科学依据。[方法]采用问卷调查方法调查虹口区7所医院412名护理人员的职业安全和防护情况。数据采用SPSS统计软件处理。[结果]目前护理人员面临的主要职业伤害是针刺伤、锐器损伤、消毒剂灼伤,被损伤者比例分别为92.7%,45.11%,48.45%;在调查的职业伤害中二级医院锐器损伤情况、受病人责难的情况比一级医院严重(x2= 24.381,P<0.05;x2=21.174,P<0.05);一级医院护理人员职业防护相对较差(x2=55.186,P=0.000)。[结论]医院管理者要重视对护理人员的防护教育,加强防护措施的落实,建立职业伤害报告、监测、治疗体系。

[ Objective ] To investigate the main occupational injuries and the current protective status of nursing staff, for setting up the countermeasures. [ Methods ]Questionnaires were. used to interview 412 nurses in 7 hospitals （ 5 of the primary grade hospital, 2 of the second grade hospitals ）to investigate the main occupational injuries and the current protective status. The data were analyzed for frequency and tested for significance using the statistical software SPSS computer package. [ Results ] The main occupational injuries of nursing staff were needle stick injuries, sharp instrument injures and disinfector injuries. The proportion of each injury of nurses were 92.7%, 45.11% and 48.45% . The sharp instrument injuries and blames from patients were. more serious in the second grade hospitals than in the primary grade hospital （ χ^2 = 24.381, P 〈 0.05 ; χ^2 = 21.174, P 〈 0.05 ）, the protective status was worse in the primary grade hospitals than in the second grade hospitals. （χ^2 = 55.186, P = 0.000 ）. [ Conclusion ]The governor of hospitals should pay more attention to education of nursing staff in protection of injuries, establishment of occupational injuries reporting system, and monitoring and treating system should be set up as soon as possible.