土地开发整理农户行为响应机制研究

Response of Farm Households' Behavior on Land Exploitation and Renovation

运用有关行为科学理论,首先了构建了一个模型对土地开发整理中农户行为响应的决策过程进行了模拟,接着从农业比较效益、农地产权及其有效性、农户家庭收入、农户劳动力和土地开发整理的外部性等方面对影响农户土地开发整理响应决策的因素进行了深入分析。通过研究,作者认为,农户的土地开发整理行为不仅要受到宏观因素的影响,还要受到微观因素的影响。具体来讲,农业比较效益的高低、农地产权的有效性是影响农户是否开展土地开发整理活动的关键因素,农户家庭收入水平和家庭劳动力供给情况将直接影响农户土地开发整理的投入水平,而土地外部性是影响整个土地开发整理效率的一个关键因素。在此基础上,作者对如何调动农户进行土地开发整理的积极性,推进土地开发整理的进程提出了建议,例如提高农业经营的比较效益;保证土地产权的稳定性、安全性以及可操作性;增加土地开发整理主要区域、大型工程、重大项目的投入等。

Land exploitation and renovation are an activity in which we input some funds and labors to exploitate and renovate the potential land resources by applying some technical and engineering measures. It is very important to enhance the quantity of cultivated land, increase available farmland area and improve agriculture producing condition and environment. Since farm households axe the direct users of farmland and the main participants of land exploitation and renovation, the in enthusiasm and decision can directly influence the effect of land exploitation and renovation. Firstly, This paper apphed the theory of behavior science to design a model to analyze the response of farm households＇ behavior on land exploitation and renovation. Then, this paper discussed the main factors influencing farmers＇ decision on land exploitation and renovation, such as agricultural relative benefit, land property fights validity, farmers＇ income, land externality, etc. The conclusion was that the farm households＇ behavior of land exploitation and renovation was not only influenced by macrofactors, but also influenced by micro-factors. Agricultural relative benefit and land property rights validity would decide the farm households＇ choice whether to exploitate and renovate the potential land resources. Farmers＇ income and labor quantity would directly influence the farm households＇ investment on land exploitation and renovation. Land property rights validity would decide the efficiency of land exploitation and renovation. Based on the above analysis, some proposals to stimulate farmers to exploit and renovate land resources are also put forward, such as assuring the validity and stabilization of land property rights, increasing the agricultural relative benefit in order to enhance farmer households＇ interest of land exploitation and renovation. In order to enhance the farmers＇ abihty of land exploitation and renovation investment, we should try to increase the farmers＇ income. Because of the influence of land externality, we should take some measures to prevent farmers＇ irrational behavior of exploiting and renovating land resources. At the same time, it is important for the government to increase the investment in main districts and great projects of land exploitation and renovation.