环氧合酶通路及其对雌性哺乳动物生殖过程的调控

Cyclooxygenase pathway and its regulation on female mammalian reproduction

环氧合酶(COX)是催化花生四烯酸转变为前列腺素的关键酶类,主要包括COX-1和COX-2两种同工酶形式,最近又发现了新的COX。COX通过催化合成前列腺素影响卵泡发育、排卵、胚胎着床、子宫内膜蜕膜化、黄体形成、退化以及分娩等雌性哺乳动物生殖的多个环节。本综述简要介绍COX在这些生殖过程中的作用、COX-1和COX-2的关系以及COX在细胞内发挥作用的信号通路等问题。

Cyclooxygenase （COX） is one of the key enzymes which catalyze tho synthesis of prostaglandin from arachidonic acid. There are two major isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2. By catalyzing the synthesis of prostaglandin, COX plays important roles in many processes of female mammalian reproduction, such as follicle development, embryo implantation, decidualization, corpus luteum formation and regression, and parturition. In this paper, we briefly review the function of COX in reproduction, the relationship between COX-1 and COX-2, and their signal pathways.