4种不同质源三系不育系配组的籼粳杂种F_1优势表现

Heterosis of Indica/Japonica Hybrid Rice from Four Different Types of CMS

4种常见的不同质源籼型不育系与7份粳型(偏粳型)广亲和或广亲和恢复系间的不完全双列杂交试验表明:三系法籼粳杂种F_1的平均株高、单株穗数、抽穗天数、剑叶长及主穗总粒数等均存在较高的对照优势;协青早A和珍汕97A参与籼粳配组,其杂种在综合性状上通常较D297A和Ⅱ-32A所配杂种要优越;选用感光性弱和配合力强的广谱型广亲和恢复系(如H64)进行籼粳配组,其杂种可以克服植株超高、生育期超长、结实率偏低和灌浆不足等弊病;三系法籼粳杂种F_1在单株穗数、抽穗天数、剑叶长和主穗长等性状上,主要受粳型广亲恢父本的影响,在抽穗天数、剑叶长、主穗长和主穗总粒数等性状上,则还受双亲平均值的影响。

Four indica cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) and seven japonica widely compatible and restorer varieties (WC or WCR) were used to make a set of incomplete diallel crosses, (1) F1 hybrids showed higher degree of standard heterosis in plant height, panicle per plant, days to heading, flag leaf length, total spikeltes number per main panicle, (2) The traits of hybrids with Xieqingzao A or Zhengshan 97A were better than that with D297 A or II - 32A, (3) The results of hybrid phonotype revealed that there was a good effect to use the WCR male parents with the weak photo - sensitivity and strong GCA. (4) The hybrids of traits were mainly affected by WCR male parents in panicle per plant, days to heading, flag leaf length, and main panicle length. Traits such as days to heading, flag leaf length main panicle length and total spikeltes number per main panicle were also affected by the average value of both parents.