试论近代主流学问观的嬗变

The Evolution of the Viewpoint on Mainstream Learning in the Period from the Mid-19^(th) Century to the May 4^(th) Movement of 1919

近代中国社会的主流学问观经历了一个由以儒学为核心的传统学问观向以“文理之分”为特征的新型学问观转变的过程。这个过程曲折而艰难,但无疑体现了时代的进步。另一方面,学问观的嬗变也引发了“重理轻文”等新的问题。在总结历史经验的基础上,要树立科学学问观,必须摒弃源于经世致用思想的实用主义价值观和学术研究中的急功近利心态,一方面坚持既重视科学素质的养成,又重视人文精神的塑造;一方面注重科学事业本身的发展和科学传统的培植。

During the period from the Mid- 19^th century to the May Movement of 1919 in Chinese history, the viewpoint on Mainstream learning underwent a hard change. The new learning point of view with clear distinction between arts and science as its characteristics replaced the traditional Confucianism--centered learning, which reflected a progress as well as arose a new problem as “giving priority to science while attaching no importance to arts ”. At present, to build up a scientific learning point of view, we should ahandon the traditional view of pursuit for quick success and instant benefit, adhere to the principle that scientific accomplishment and humanity spirits are both important.