中德食品科学与工程高等教育比较研究

A Comparison of Germany's and China's Higher Education in Food Science and Engineering

食品科学与工程高等教育领域,中德在教育体系、教学重点和课程安排等方面既存在着共同点,也有很多差异。德国大学实行课程制,没有固定的学习年限,学生可自主安排学习计划;教学形式多样化,注重学生个人能力培养和实践技能训练,要求学生主动参与教学过程;教学内容的安排以实际需要为原则,强调经济、管理专业知识的学习。此外,德国高校教学有一套完整的管理模式,实践环节有法律保障。我国教育体系存在缺乏对学生自主能力的培养,教学实践环节相对薄弱,教学内容安排实用性差等问题,德国先进的教学模式值得借鉴。

Based on a comparison of the teaching of food science and engineering in China and Germany, this paper presents the differences and similarities between the higher education of these two countries, involving the education system, the course content and the curriculum. In German universities, there are no fixed study schedules and students have more freedom in course selection, exams, etc. Compared with China＇ s education system, they attach greater importance to cultivating students＇ ability and developing their skills through various teaching forms and require students to take the initiative in the teaching process. The course content, with its emphasis on the knowledge of economics and management, is arranged according to the practical needs. And a sophisticated management system provides legal guarantee of practice training and teaching. However, the insufficiency of practical training in China＇ s higher education has brought about many problems. So Germany＇ s experience in this respect can be used as a reference in China.