摘要
地区秩序是一个经常使用但却缺少定义的概念。本文探讨了亚洲地区秩序的现状和特征,特别强调以美国为中心的同盟体制和正在兴起的亚洲地区主义实践。快速发展的地区相互依存和发育中的各种亚洲地区安排以及中国、印度和日本等区域强国的崛起或者复兴,推动着亚洲地区秩序的历史性转变。一方面,美国在竭力强化亚洲地区的“中心—轮辐”体系,另一方面,迟到的亚洲地区整合和地区主义正在帮助塑造着地区主义为基础的地区秩序。从地区秩序转型的角度,亚洲目前正处在关键的十字路口。有三种基本的地区秩序选择:美国霸权秩序的强化、取代美国秩序的新强权秩序和地区主义为基础的亚洲秩序。明显地,未来导向的地区主义为基础的亚洲秩序符合所有亚洲各国的利益。地区主义为基础的秩序并不是为了挑战美国的主导性,而是为了使亚洲地区秩序更加合法、合理和正常。中国作为崛起的大国,以地区主义为基础制定其亚洲政策,将在亚洲地区秩序的转变中发挥重要作用。
Regional order is a concept which is often used but under-defined. This paper explores the status quo and characteristics of the Asian regional order, particularly America-centered alliances system and the practice of the Asian regionalism. The rapid development of interdependence and nascent regional arrangements in the region, the rise or reemergence of several great powers such as China, India and Japan have been driving the historical transformation of the Asian regional order. On the one hand, the United States tries to strengthen its ＂hub and spokes＂ system; the belated process of regional integration is helping shape a regionalism-based order on the other hand. In terms of the transformation of regional order, Asia is currently at a key crossroads. There are at least three pragmatic choices for Asian countries： the strengthening of America-Centered hegemonic order, a new power-centered regional order to replace the America＇s, and a regionalism-based order. Obviously, the regionalism-based and future-oriented Asian order abides by all Asian countries＂ interests. It does not challenge America＇s dominance in Asia. However, it surely makes the regional order more legitimate,rational and normal. China＇s Asian policy is regionalism-based. China continues to play a more significant role in the transformation of the Asian regional order.
基金
本文是在南京大学-霍普金斯大学中美文化研究中心国际问题研究所研究课题<比较地区秩序>(2004-2005)
