渐开线天轮抽油机的优化设计

Optimum design of involute energy saving pumping unit

针对油田机采设备的节能要求,根据抽油机设计理论,提出以渐开线作为小天轮变径轮廓,使作用在小轮上的拉力变化幅度减小,降低减速器输出轴扭矩峰值,实现节能目的。通过对该机运动规律的研究,给出了该机悬点位移、速度和加速度的计算公式和方法,以上冲程最大扭矩因数峰值最小为优化设计目标函数,建立了总体机构运动分析的数学模型,采用复合形优化设计法进行优化设计,并结合现场实际经验确立最终的主体结构参数。实际测试结果表明,渐开线天轮抽油机在同等载荷工况下,与常规机相比,平均有功节电率达26.51%。优化设计结果为同类型抽油机的设计计算提供了依据。

Based on a study of the motion pattern of the involute energy saving pumping unit, the equations for calculating the polished rod displacement, speed and acceleration are presented. By taking the minimized maximal torque factor peak as objective function, the mathematical model for motion analysis of the overall mechanism. Then the structure of the unit is optimized and main structural parameters are determined combined with the practical experience. Test result shows that, the mean energy saving percentage with active power reaches 26.51% by using this energy saving pumping unit instead of the conventional units.