现代资本所有制形式和资本主义发展阶段

Modern Capital Ownership and Capitalist Development Stage

以科学技术进步和生产力发展状况为出发点,以资本主义所有制为基础,以资本本身的社会化进程及其形式变化来划分资本主义发展阶段,应该是最主要的依据。由于19世纪后期以来,以股份资本或社会资本为主体,多种所有制形式并存和共同发展,可以将资本主义社会划分为个人资本占统治地位和股份资本或社会资本占统治地位的两大阶段。对于从19世纪后期到现在股份资本或社会资本占统治地位的一百多年,可以暂且划分为股份资本或社会资本的初级阶段和股份资本或社会资本的发达阶段两小阶段。

The major standards of dividing capitalist development stage are as followings： the springboard is advanee of scienee and teehnology and produetivity development, the base is eapitalist ownership, the dividing standard is the soeialization eourse of eapital and its form ehange. Sinee the wide aeeept af share eapital by people, eapital relation takes on a new strueture that all sorts of ownerships develop based on eapitalist private ownership at the same time. From the view of eapital relations and eapital ownership, we ean divide the eapitalist soeiety into two development stages： from 16 eentury to late 19 eentury, it is the first stage of individual eapital bearing away over, from late 19 eentury up to now, it is the seeond stage of share eapital bearing away over. We ean divide the seeond stage into two parts： from late 19 eentury to 1950s, it is a primary stage of share capital, from 1950s up to now, it is the developed stage of share eapital.