九龙山自然保护区黑麂的种群密度、分布与保护

Population densities, distribution and conservation of black muntjac in Jiulong Mountain Natural Reserved Area

2002年4月至2003年2月,在浙江省九龙山自然保护区,利用样带法,以粪便和足迹链等活动痕迹作为间接指标,对保护区内不同区域黑麂的种群密度进行了调查.结果表明,保护区内黑麂的平均密度为(7.32±0.69)只/km2,而核心区、缓冲区、实验区中黑麂的种群密度分别为(8.41±1.08)(、6.25±1.79)、(3.21±1.31)只/km2.从整个保护区来看,黑麂的种群密度四季之间并无明显差异(F3,56=0.60,P>0.05),春夏秋冬季的种群密度分别为(7.54±1.42)(、7.54±1.50)(、6.09±1.32)(、8.12±1.22)只/km2.保护区良好的生境条件和周边地区黑麂的内迁,是保护区内黑麂的种群密度维持在较高水平的重要原因;食物空间分布的季节性变化可能是引起黑麂季节性垂直迁移的主要原因.

The population density of black muntjac was studied in different areas in the Jiulong Mountain Natural Reserved Area, Zhejiang from April 2002 to February 2003. Black muntjac leaves fresh marks in their habitat, such as hoofprints and excrement. More fresh traces, the higher population density. Therefore, we could study its population density by studying its fresh traces. The transect method was adopted to census black muntjac density. The result showed that the population density of black muntjac in the natural reserved area was （7.32±0.69） ind/km^2, then in core area, cushion area, experiment area were （8.41±1.08）, （6.25±1.79）, （3.21±1.31） ind/km^2 respectively. From the whole natural reserved area, population density in different seasons were （7.54±1.42）, （7.54± 1.50）, （6.09±1.32）, （8.12±1.22） ind/km^2 , which were insignificantly different （P〉0.05）. The heavy loss of forest in adjacent areas was the main reason that caused the migration of black muntjac from adjacent areas to the reserve, so the population density was relatively higher in the reserve than that of the surrounding areas. The chang of black muntjac in elevations in different seasons was mainly attributed to the seasonal change of food resources. According to the result of survey and local conditions, the ideas for protecting black muntjac and management of the measure were proposed.