英语合体数词复合词词化统计分析

Statistical Analysis of Lexicalization of the English Conflated Numeric Compounds

本文采用词化理论和语料统计分析手段,着重讨论了英语合体数词复合词(即按'基数词+X'模式词化而成的单纯复合词)的词化能力、词化密度和句法特征.研究发现,英语合体数词复合词呈现下列词化特征趋势:1)各首位语义成分的词化能力程度不等,表示小数值意义的首位语义成分的词化能力强于表示大数值的首位语义成分的词化能力;2)英语合体数词复合词的词化密度不等,首位语义成分的词化能力与英语合体数词复合词的词化密度成反比,词化能力弱的词化密度高,词化能力强的,词化密度低;3)英语合体数词复合词基本遵循句法规则,体现出一定的句法模式;4)英语合体数词复合词的语法范畴存在显著差异性,其中形容词比例最大,名词次之,其他词类比例较小.

From the perspective of Lexicalization and data statistical analysis, the paper attempts to investigate three parameters of the English conflated numeric compounds （ simple compounds following the pattern “cardinal number ＋ X” ） ： lexicalization capability, lexicalization density, and syntactic features. It finds that （ 1 ） there are differences in the lexicalization capability among the initial semantic components of the English conflated numeric compounds that those with bigger values tend to be less powerful in lexicalization; （2） there are differences in their lexicalization density among these compounds that the density of the compounds containing the initial semantic components with less powerful lexicalization capability is higher than those containing the initial semantic components with more powerful lexicalization capability; （3） the English conflated numeric compounds follow particular syntactic features in their lexicalization; （4） different grammatical categories exist among these compounds that the adjectives and nouns are far more than other grammatical categories.