华南几个优质高产水稻品种胚乳蛋白IEF组分中理想蛋白分布的比较

COMPARATlVE STUDY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF IDEAL PROTEIN IN THE ENDOSPERM PROTEINS FROM SEVERAL SUPERIOR HIGH-YIELDING RICE VARIETIES IN SOUTH CHINA

运用等电聚焦凝胶电泳、层析自动扫描、微量蛋白分离纯化、氨基酸自动分析等方法技术和ＦＡＯ／ＷＨＯ评价蛋白质营养水平标准及统计学方法，比较研究了目前华南地区几个优质高产高蛋白水稻品种胚乳全蛋白不同ＰＩ（等电点）范围ＩＥＦ（等电聚焦）组分的含量比率、营养水平和出现理想蛋白（Ｉｄｅａｌｐｉｏｔｅｉｎ，人体吸收利用率最高的蛋白）组分的机率。主要结果是：胚乳蛋白按划分的五个ＰＩ范围的组分含量比率、营养水平和出现理想蛋白组分的机率，在供试品种之间差别明显，但有共同基本趋势－在弱酸性ＰＩ范围、特别在ＰＩ６．０～５．２的组分，营养水平和出现理想蛋白组分的机率，均较其他ＰＩ范围的高。这对于从胚乳蛋白中分离出具体的理想蛋白组分（多肽链）、对于应用传统的及最新的生物技术来提高稻米蛋白营养品质，均有重要意义。

Isoclectrofocusing electrophoresis,chromato automatic scan,microproteins sep ara-tion-purification,amino acids automatic analysis,etc.,and the FAO/WHO standardfor p rotein nutrient level and statistical method,were used to study the proteincomponent ratios,their nutrient levels and the probabilities of the occurrenee of highnutrient component at different isoelectropoint ranges of the endosperm proteins fromthree high-yielding and high-protein superior rice varieties in South China,The ex-perimental results showed that the ratios of components,their nutrient levels and theprobabilities of the occurrenee of high nutrient component at each range of Pl of theendospem proteins of the experimental rice varieties studied were obviously different,but a basic pattem was evident,The highest probability for the appearanee of highnutrient component were at the weak acidic range of PI in particular at PI 6.0～5.2of the endos perm proteins.This have great significance in improving nutrient qualityof rice proteins and in the study of rice proteins by conventional methods and at themolecular level.