农村中学生生殖健康教育需求调查

Survey on demands needs of reproductive health education among middle school students in rural areas

目的了解农村青少年性健康知识、态度、行为(KAP)和保健需求,为在农村开展适宜的性教育提供可靠的科学依据。方法在我国西部、中部、东部的青海省、山西省、浙江省对15～19岁的在校学生进行问卷调查,应用SPSS/PC10.0软件对研究资料进行统计学分析。结果调查对象平均年龄为(16.88±1.19)岁。在调查对象中不同意婚前性行为的占75.6%,性行为的发生率为4.6%,其中男生和女生的性行为发生率分别为6.0%和3.1%。中学生普遍缺乏对性健康相关知识,不同性别和地区间中学生的知识掌握程度存在一定差异。中学生对有关性健康知识的需求,主要为如何处理与异性朋友的关系、青春期生理心理变化知识、预防性病/艾滋病传播的措施等。结论农村地区亟待开展针对在校青少年的性道德教育,以及避孕知识、预防性传播疾病、防范性骚扰和性暴力等内容的生殖健康教育。

Objective To know the KAP and demands of adolescent sexual and reproductive heath in rural China, so as to provide scientific evidences and effective strategies. Methods The questionnaire was carried out among the students aged 15-19 in Qinghai, Shanxi and Zhejiang province of western, central and eastern areas in China. The quantitative data was statistically analyzed by SPSS/10.0 for Windows. Results The average age of the investigated objects was （ 16.88±1.19） years old. 75.6 % objects disagreed the sex behavior before marriage. The rate of sex intercourses among middle school students was 4.6 %, among which 6.0 % and 3.1% were male and female respectively. The middle school students were generally short of relevant knowledge on sexual and reproductive health. There were some differences on the knowledge mastered by male and female students in different areas. The demands of students on sexual and reproductive health were mainly on how to deal with the relationship with heterosexual friends, knowledge on physical and psychological changes at puberty, preventive measures of STDs/AIDS, etc. Conclusion It was necessary to carry out adolescent sexual and reproductive health education including reproductive health ethics, contraceptive knowledge, prevention of STDs and keeping away from sexual haraiment and violence.