低能N^+离子注入诱导小麦种子高分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白的变异

VARIATION OF HMW-CS AND GLIADIN INDUCED BY LOW ENERGY N^+ IMPLANTATION IN COMMON WHEAT SEEDS

应用SDSPAGE和APAGE电泳技术,对不同剂量低能(25keV)N+离子注入小麦稳定品系CH3286的M3代种子储藏蛋白高分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白变异进行了系统的分析。结果表明低能N+离子束注入能有效地诱导小麦种子高分子量谷蛋白亚基的变异。高剂量(10.8×1016N+cm2)N+注入的诱变频率高于中剂量(7.2×1016N+cm2),其亚基总变异频率分别是13.7%和4.2%。不同位点的高分子量谷蛋白亚基对N+离子的敏感程度不同,其中以Glu1D最敏感,变异频率由大至小分别是Glu1D>Glu1B>Glu1A。低能N+离子束注入诱导的醇溶蛋白变异与高分子量谷蛋白亚基的变异有相似的规律。醇溶蛋白遗传区对N+离子的敏感程度也不同,其中ω醇溶蛋白最敏感,能产生较多的变异,其次是γ和β醇溶蛋白,最不敏感的是α醇溶蛋白。在M3代植株群体中筛选到一些农艺性状较稳定的高分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白变异株。

Seeds of wheat variety CH3286 were implant with low energy N^＋ ion beam （25keV）. The variation and composition of high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin（HMW-CS） and gliadin proteins in M3 generation of seeds were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and A-PAGE techniques. The results showed that the great variations including in new HMW glutenin protein bands appearing and original bands disappearing were found in HMW glutenin electrophoretie patterns due to implant N^＋ ion beam. The totally induced variation frequency of HMW-CS was positively associated with dosage of N^＋ ion beam implantation,13.7% and 4.2% at 10.8 × 10^6 and 7.2 × 10^16/cm^2, respectively. The induced effects were different in HMW glutenin-eoding loci Glu-1 A, Glu-1B and Glu-1 D, among that Glu-1D was the most sensitive to N^＋ ion beam. The variation disciplinarian of gliadin proteins in the injected seeds was similar with that of HMW-CS. The proportion of the number of induced new gliadin protein bands and totally separated bands was 50% in high dose and 36.4% in moderate dose, respectively. The induced variation effect also was different in four gliadin protein blocks, among that ω gliadin was the most sensitive to N^＋ ion beam and caused the greatest variations in this block. The next was in γ and β gliadin blocks, and the least variations were in a gliadin block. A few of improved plants with new HMW-CS and gliadin compositions were selected in M3 generation.