对深圳罗湖区老年人轻度认知障碍的调查与分析

A Survey and Analysis of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Aged from Luohu District of Shenzhen City

[目的]了解深圳市社区老年人轻度认知障碍(MCI)流行病学情况并对其影响因素进行分析。[方法]采用中文“简易智力状态表”(MMSE)对深圳市罗湖区8个社区410名老年人进行测试。[结果]本组社区老年人MCI的发生率为21.46%,不同年龄、学历、性别的社区老年人的MMSE得分具有显著性差异(P<0.001)。其中初中以下文化程度与其他文化程度的老年人相比MMSE具有显著性差异,高中以上文化程度相互之间MMSE无显著性差异;高中以上文化程度者在70岁以上时,MCI发生率较60岁以上时有显著性增高(P<0.05);女性老年痴呆(AD)的发生率较男性高。分析结果发现,影响本人群MMSE的主要因素为学历(F=75.78,P<0.001)与年龄(rage=-0.442,P<0.001)。[结论]深圳市社区老年人MCI发生率与学历、年龄、性别有显著相关性,应在社区中对诊断为MCI的老年人实施预防AD的早期护理干预措施。

[Objective] To investigate the epidemiology of mild cognitive impairment （MCI） in the aged from lmohu district of Shenzhen city and to analyze the related factors. [ Methods ] Mini-mental State Examination （MMSE） questionnaire in Chinese was used to investigate MCI in 410 aged people from eight Communities of Luohu district, Shenzhen. [ Results] The incidence of MC! in this survey was 21.46% and the MMSE scoring varied with age, educational level and sex （P 〈 0.001）. The difference of MMSE scoring was significant in the aged with junior-high-school education or below this level as compared with those above this level. The difference of MMSE scoring was insignificant between the aged with senior-high-school education and those above this level. In the aged with senior-high- school education or above, the incidence of MC! was obviously higher in the age of 70-80 years than that in the age of 60 - 70 years （ P 〈 0.05） and the incidence of Alzheimer＇s dementia was higher in the female than that in the male. The results of multi-factor variance analysis showed that the primary factors of MCI were educational level （ F = 75.78, P 〈 0.001） and age （rage = -0.442, P 〈 0.001）. [Conclusion] The incidence of MCI in the aged from Luohu district of Shenzhen city has a correlation with the educational level, age and sex, indicating that early nursing care and preventive measures should be taken for AD in the aged diagnoaed with MCI.