休谟经验论与现代西方哲学思想的“神会”

Consistency of Hume's Empiricism and Modern Western Philosophy

休谟拒绝上帝、纯粹理性、物质实体作为他的经验论的基础,也否认有抽象观念存在,从而拒绝一般原理和规律成为他的经验论的基石,标明了休谟对形而上学的反对,这些与现代西方哲学家对传统哲学形而上学基础的清算有着深刻的一致性;休谟在经验论中对理性的拒绝及对信念和习惯等非理性因素的发现,与现代西方哲学家对理性的全方位的批判和对非理性主义成分的开掘,又有着极端的相似性;休谟经验论的人性基础与对日常生活的关注,与现代西方哲学中哲学的生存哲学转向和日常生活转向不谋而合。这就是他们之间的“神会”。

Hume＇s refusal of the God, pure rationalism and material substantiality are the basis of empiricism. He denied the existence of abstract concept and refused general principles and laws. All these show that Hume opposed to metaphysics, which is identical with modern western philosophers＇ refusal of metaphysics.