短盖巨脂鲤鳃、伪鳃和鳔胚后发育学研究

STUDY ON THE POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE GILL,PSEUDOBRANCHAND SWIM BLADDER OF THE WHITE ACHAMA

本文应用切片和显微技术,对短盖巨脂鲤鳃、伪鳃和鳔的胚后发育的组织形态学进行了研究.短盖巨脂鲤鳃的胚后发育可分为三个阶段:第一阶段(0～1日龄),原基期,鳃原基形成但未分化.第二阶段(2～10日龄),鳃结构发育、分化.第三阶段(11日龄之后),鳃的生长完善期.伪鳃由口腔壁分化出来,胚后发育分为三个阶段:第一阶段(0～2日龄),原基形成期.第二阶段(3～7日龄),发育分化期.第三阶段(8～21日龄),结构完善期.鳔的胚后发育可分成四个阶段:第一阶段(0～1日龄),原基形成期.第二阶段(2～5日龄),结构分化期.第三阶段(6～11日龄),充气期.第四阶段(13 天以后),完善与生长期.

The white achama larvae hatch at a very immature stage. This paper describes the histological development of the gill, pseudobranch and swim bladder of the white achama by use of the technology of histological section and microscopy. Based on the studies, the postembryonic development of the gill is divided into three stages. Gill anlage formats but not differentiates at the age of 0 to 1 days. Gill structure develops and differentiates from 2 to 10 days. Gill structure grows and perfects at the age of over 11 days. Pseudobranch of the white achama is differentiated from the oral wall. Its postembryonic development includs three stages： the formation of pseudobranch anlage （0 to 2 days）, the development and differentiation of pseudobranch structure （3 to 7 days）, and the perfection of pseudobranch structure and function （8 to 21 days）, the perfected pseudobranch is covered by oral mucosa. Although according to the swim bladder the white achama belongs to physostomi, there are red glands emerge during the postembryonic development stage of swim bladder. The postembryonic development of the swim bladder is divided into four stages： formation of swim bladder anlage （0 to 1 days）, differentiation of swim bladder structure （2 to 5 days）, inflation of swim bladder （6 to 11 days）, and perfection and growth of swim bladder （13 days later）. Postembryonic development and differentiation of gill, pseudobranch and swim bladder coincide with the growth of the larvae, especially the swim bladder. The timing of the formation and inflation of the swim bladder is one of the signs of first feeding. Presumably the swim bladder of the white achama inflates through three approaches.