略论语言游戏与家族相似的矛盾

On the Contradiction Between Language Game and Family Resemblance

语言游戏是一个原子式的概念,它具有封闭性。而家族相似则是一个自否定的概念,它具有开放性。与许多论者以为语言游戏与家族相似是同一个概念或是一对相辅相成的概念不同,它们事实上是相互矛盾的。这一矛盾显示出维特根斯坦哲学的某些不彻底性。由于在这一矛盾中维特根斯坦倾向于语言游戏,所以他最后就不得不回到同是原子论的《逻辑哲学论》中的某些结论上去。

It can be drawn from Wittgenstein＇s text： each language game, just like an atom, has a feature of exclusiveness; and every family in the sense of family resemblance, on the contrary, has a feature of openness. Therefore, the concept language game and the concept family resemblance contradict each other. Many scholars, besides Wittgenstein himself often neglect this contradiction. Because Wittgenstein did not go far enough to apply the method of family resemblance thoroughly,finally he had to go back to some conclusions of Atomism.