长期低硒仔四代哺乳期大鼠神经行为发育的观察

Effect of longtime selenium-deficient feeding on the neurobehavioral development of the fourth generation rats in lactation.

目的研究长期低硒和低硒低碘膳食对大鼠生长发育及神经行为发育的影响。方法建立人工膳食性硒缺乏和硒碘联合缺乏动物模型,分为补硒补碘组(对照组)、低硒组、低碘组和低硒低碘组四组,繁殖传代至第4代仔鼠,并对各组哺乳期仔4代大鼠进行生理发育及神经行为发育指标的检测。结果第3代母鼠中低硒组和低碘组受孕率(70%,88%)低于对照组和低硒低碘组(100%,P<0.01),低硒组(28.6%)、低碘组和低硒低碘组(10.5%)流产率均明显高于对照组(0.00,P<0.01)。第4代仔鼠中对照组4d存活率(86.3%)高于其他3组(P<0.01),低硒组和低硒低碘组仔鼠生理发育、新生反射和感觉功能及神经肌肉发育成熟状况等方面各指标中均有50%以上出现明显发育延迟,差异具有显著性(P<0.01),低碘组大鼠耳廓分离率、睁眼率及前肢握力评分亦差于对照组(P<0.05)。结论单纯低硒、低碘及硒碘水平同时降低,可以导致仔4代大鼠生长发育延迟及神经行为异常。

Objective To study the effect of longtime selenium-deficient and selenium- and iodine-deficient feeding on the growth and nervous development of the fourth generation rats. Methods The weaning SD rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups ： control group, Se-group, I-group and Se-plus I-group. These rats were fed with the given diets containing different levels of Se and I respectively. And then the rats were bred to the fourth generation. The growth and neural behavior tests were carried out at the special time according to the experimental design. Results There is significant difference between either groups of the rats of Se-, I- ,Se-plus I-feeding and the control group in the abortion rate, the appearance of four tests （ear detachment,incisor eruption,eye opening, and hair growth） , the age of acquisition of two reflexes （ righting reflex, negative geo taxis） and sensory function （ auditory startle） , neural-muscle development （ forelimb hanging and walk test）. Conclusion Se-group, I-group and Se-plus I-group all demonstrated significant effects on the fourth degeneration rats and induced delayed growth and abnormal neural behavior.