物我对立与天人合一——论东西方文化对自然的不同认知方式产生的绘画影响

Theory of Dual Contradiction and Harmony between Nature and Man: Different Ideas of Nature of the Occidental and the Oriental and Their Effects on Respective Paintings

西方思想以物我对立、主客体对立的方式去看待自然,自然是人通过理性去认识和实践的对象;中国哲学主张“天人合一”,人以想象和感悟来体验自然。这两种不同的认知自然的方式对于各自的风景绘画都产生了较大的影响,他们无论在绘画题材、表现手法、艺术风格、创作过程还是作品欣赏上都呈现出较大的差异。

The occidental takes nature as the contrary of human being, that is to say, in their philosophy, man is subject and nature is only object. Man gains knowledge about nature and takes advantage of nature. But oriental philosophy thinks that man is integral part of nature, man experience nature by sensibility and imagination. Their different ideas about the relationship between nature and man put great effect on respective paintings and make big difference on paintings＇ theme, technique, style, process and appreciating ways.