摘要
考试焦虑在学生群体中相当普遍，考试焦虑严重影响了学生的学业成绩。考试焦虑因子结构的演进反映了考试焦虑量表的发展；考试焦虑调查表、考试焦虑量表、五因素考试焦虑调查表、状态-特质焦虑量表等都是典型的测量考试焦虑的工具。考试焦虑的本质是状态的还是特质的争论，不仅体现了焦虑在人格变量研究中的重要地位，也进一步发展了人格变量中特质与环境关系的研究，对于考试焦虑影响测验成绩的机制，尽管还不能确定到底是支持干扰模型还是缺乏模型，但对两者的思考都有助于建立成功的治疗考试焦虑的干预策略。
The test anxiety can be found easily in students. Higher test anxiety indicates a worse examination performance. The evolvement of its factor structure embodies the development of scales, Test Anxiety Scale, Test Anxiety Inventory, 5-factor Test Anxiety Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory are the typical representative of the measure instrument. The debate of whether the nature of test anxiety is a state or trait reflects the role of test anxiety in personality variables, and furthers the study of the relation between state and situation. In view of the mechanism of test anxiety impacting examination performance, in spite of interference or deficits model not defined, both help to establish the successful intervention strategy for the treatment of the test anxiety in students.
